Wednesday, June 8, 2011

Typical drinks Timor Leste "Coffee"

Coffee Timor Leste

Enjoy Coffee Flavor Typical of East Timor, ... Only in "Good Taste" Undoubtedly taste and smell of coffee will make you more through the activities Relax in your day.

East Timor, in addition to having distinctive cuisine, there are also coffee as a beverage Typical of East Timor. Although coffee plants did not originally come from East Timor but the people of Timor Leste, in particular Ermera Society (One District in East Timor) has made ​​hosts of coffee as a beverage and drinks for breakfast or just to accompany snack in the afternoon. In the family I within 1 day we usually eat or drink 5 cups of coffee or 5 times. Namely: 1 cup at six o'clock in the morning after waking, 1 cup at 8 o'clock at breakfast time, 1 cup at 10 to accompany snacking while waiting for lunch, 1 cup at 4 in the afternoon to accompany the family togetherness and 1 cup at 6 to wait for dinner. And it was a habit and a necessity and there is no compromise to it. Coffe is a One of Ermera, Ermera city is his hometown of East Timor Coffee



The history of coffee has been recorded so far in the 9th century. The first time, coffee is only in Ethiopia, where the original seeds planted by the Ethiopian highlands. However, when the Arabs began to expand its trade, coffee beans has also been extended to North Africa and there are coffee beans grown in bulk. From North Africa that the coffee beans begin to spread from Asia to European markets and began to spread his fame as a beverage. (http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejarah_kopi)

Coffee has a different term. In Indonesian society more familiar with thethe term of coffee ,coffee was known in England ,the French call it cafe ,kaffee dub Germany ,in Arabic called quahwa . While the people of Timor Leste's own café called
The history of coffee begins the story of a shepherd who found the goat Abessynia coffee plant when he was herding, to become aristocrats prestigious beverages in Europe. Even by Bethoven count as many as 60 coffee beans for every cup of coffee would enjoy.
Since the discovery of the coffee plant and a Sufi Ali Bin Omar from Yemen make coffee decoction as a cure skin diseases and other drugs. So at that time the coffee gets place of honor among the people of the country. From the properties of coffee were eventually brought prosperity to the coffee plantation owners, entrepreneurs coffee shop, coffee traders, exporters of coffee, and governments in various parts of the world's unique flavorful beverage crops planted.



Number of properties obtained from coffee, so that its spread quite rapidly, especially in continental Europe. In Salerno, Italy, coffee has been known in the tenth century. After that continue with the opening of a coffee shop named Botega Delcafe in 1645 which later became the central meeting of scholars in the country pizza.
In the City of London, the first coffee house opened in George Yard in Lombat Sreet and in Paris, coffee shop opened in 1671 at the Saint Germain Fair. While in America, serve as the national drink coffee in the United States and became the main menu at breakfast tables. Although coffee is so rapid developments in the centuries that but the Arabs had already monopolize it as a crop, and they can only export coffee that has been fried

While the coffee plant spread to Indonesia brought a Dutch nationality in the 17th century around the year 1646 who received mocca arabica beans from Arabia to Jakarta. Arabica coffee is first grown and developed in a place in the east Jatinegara, who use private land that is now better known Kesawung Coffee Cottage.
Arabica coffee then spread to various areas in West Java, such as Bogor, Sukabumi, Banten, and Priangan, through a system of forced cultivation. After spreading to the island of Java, the coffee plants and then spread to other areas, such as Sumatra, Sulawesi, Bali, and Timor. "Even the original Arabica coffee grown in Brazil (the country's largest coffee producer in the world), reputedly the seedlings came from Java," said Chairman of the Regional Governing Body (BPD) Association of Indonesian Coffee Exporters (AEKI) Yahmadi Mudrig East Java.
In its history, Indonesia has even become the largest arabica coffee producer in the world, although no longer due to the emergence of leaf rust pest attack. Pest attack that caused the attack of fungi hemileia vastatrix coffee crop in Indonesia around the 19th century.

However, arabica coffee crop residues are still found in the pockets of coffee producers in Indonesia, among other highland Ijen (East Java), high soil Toraja (South Sulawesi), and the upper slopes of Bukit Barisan mountain range (Sumatra), as Mandailing, Lintong and Sidikalang (North Sumatra) and Central Highlands (DI Aceh).
Travel coffee not just be one of the favored beverage world. In Italy, the priests forbade his people to drink coffee and coffee drinks it states that included Muslim sultans to replace the wine. Not only banned but also punish those who drink coffee.

In fact, in 1656, Wazir and Kofri, Ottoman Empire, issued a ban to open coffee shops. Not only banning coffee, but to punish the people who drank coffee with caning on the first offense. But many years later, the prohibition of drinking coffee in the Middle East is gradually eroded, so that if a husband forbids his wife to drink coffee, the wife could use this excuse to ask for a divorce.
In Sweden, it is said King Gustaff to the second ever sentenced to two twins. One was only allowed to drink coffee and the other was allowed only tea. Who dies first, then he was the guilty in a criminal act alleged against them. It turns out that death is the first tea drinkers at the age of 83.

Since then, Swedes turned into the most fanatical coffee drinker in the world, so that until now the Scandinavian countries are now the highest per capita coffee drinkers in the world. Each person can spend 12 kg more per year than in Indonesia, which is only 0.6 kg per year.
Once bergengsinya drink this coffee, until King Frederick the Great of Russia in 1777 only allows the upper or aristocratic classes just to show kearistokratan coffee.




HISTORY OF COFFEE IN INDONESIA

in 1696, the governor of the Dutch in Malabar deliver coffee beans to the Dutch Governor at Batavia, the first shipment is lost Because of flooding That occurred in Batavia, made ​​1699 the second shipment.
Exports of coffee first performed in 1711 by the VOC, Within a 10-year Increased exports to 60 tons / year, Indonesia is the first plantation outside of Arabia and Ethiopia and the East India Company monopolized the coffee trade from 1725 to 1780.

1700s coffee prices that are sent from Batavia about 3 guilders / kg in Amsterdam and was equal to several hundred USD / kg with the current exchange rate, the price of coffee is very expensive at that time. Late 18th century coffee prices began to fall to 0.6 guilders / kg, so that coffee can be drunk for a wider circle.
It appears that very lucrative coffee trade VOC, but not for coffee farmers in Indonesia at that time because the application of cultivation system [cultuurstelsel].

VOC later expanded by planting coffee outside of Java as in Sumatra, Bali, Sulawesi and Timor Leste. In Sulawesi started to be planted in 1750, in the highlands of northern Sumatra near Lake Toba planted around 1888 and in Gayo, Aceh near sea freshwater lake ditahun 1924.

Currently there are 20 varieties of arabica coffee in Indonesia is divided into 6 categories namely:
Typica - This plant, originally brought by the Dutch and mostly destroyed in the 1880s, when coffee leaf disease attacked Indonesia, but in Bergandal and Sidikalang, Typica varieties can still be found in particular places plateau.

Hibrido de Timor (HDT) - also known as varieties "East Timor", a cross between arabica and robusta, the first taken in 1978 in East Timor and Aceh planted in 1979.
Linie S - This variety was developed in the plantation Bourbon, India and famous type is the S-288 and S-795, can be found in Lintong, Aceh, Flores and other areas.
Ethiopian lines - Spreads in Java in 1928 and also to Aceh. Varieties of other Ethiopians who are found in Sumatra is called the "USDA"

Caturra cultivars: Caturra Bourbon coffee is a mutation of coffee, comes from Brazil.
Catimor lines - Crosses between Arabica and Robusta very less aroma. But there are well-known types Catimor namely "Ateng-Jaluk". Research also shows that local varieties catimor in Aceh produces excellent coffee characteristics.

Robusta coffee was introduced in Indonesia ditahun 1900s to substitute for arabica coffee were destroyed during the attack of plant diseases plant arabica coffee, robusta coffee is more resistant to pests is considered as an appropriate alternative, especially for low-lying area of coffee plantations.

Coffea canephora (Robusta Coffee, Coffea robusta) is a species of coffee that came from West Africa and many grew up in Africa and Brazil, commonly called Conillon. Coffee is also grown in Southeast Asia when the French colonial introduced late 19th century in Vietnam that led to Vietnam Robusta coffee producing only through Brazil, India and Indonesia became the world's number one coffee producer.

Approximately one third of the world coffee production is Robusta coffee, this coffee easier to maintain than other types so the production cost is also cheap and because arabica coffee known for better quality, robusta coffee is usually made ​​instant coffee, espresso with caffeine level is almost 2-fold compared to arabica.

Coffea canephora / Robusta-growing section of West and Central Africa are not known as a species of coffee until the 18th century, can reach a height of 10m and require 10-11 months until the seeds can dipanenn. In general, this type of coffee is more resistant to weather and easily maintained than arabica coffee. When roasted, the aroma that comes out impressive taste of burning rubber and pierced nose more than the taste of Arabica coffee, it is impressive "power" in the coffee community in Italy.

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